Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain defined by any of the following conditions:
1. At least two unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring greater than 24 hours apart;
2. One unprovoked (or reflex) seizure and a probability of further seizures similar to the general recurrence risk (at least 60%) after two unprovoked seizures, occurring over the next 10 years;
3. Diagnosis of an epilepsy syndrome
There are mainly three types of epilepsy depending upon the etiology of seizures:
1. Genetic epilepsy
2. Symptomatic epilepsy
3. Cryptogenic epilepsy
Treatment of epilepsy is medical as well as surgical.
Antiepileptic medications selection depends upon the patients age, gender, type of seizure, associated comorbid condition other multiple factors.
Few refractory focal epilepsies require surgical intervention.